Moinuddin Chishti
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This article is about the founder of Sufism in India. For the preceptor of the Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb, see Moinuddin Chishty (Khuldabad).
Moinuddin Chishty dargah, Ajmer, India
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty (Persian/Urdu: خواجہ معین الدین چشتی ) was born in 1141 and died in 1230 CE, also known as Gharib Nawaz (Urdu: غریب نواز), is the most famous Sufi saint of the Chishti Order of South Asia. He was born in 536 A.H./1141 CE, in Sajistan, Khorasan (other accounts say Isfahan) in Persia. He is also known as "Sultan-e-Hind". He claimed his progeny to Muhammad through the sixth Imam, Jaʿfar ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq (AS).
He was one of the most outstanding figures in the annals of Islamic mysticism and founder of the Chistiyya order in India.
Contents[hide]
1 Early life
2 Why is he called Garib Nawaz?
3 Journeys
4 Return to India
5 Founding of Chishtya order in India
6 Blast at Dargah
7 References
8 See also
//
[edit] Early life
Moinuddin's parents died when he was only 15 years old and he used to look after the orchard and windmill that he inherited from his father. During his childhood, young Moinuddin was different from others and kept himself busy in prayers and meditation. Legend has it that once when he was watering his plants, a revered monk, Sheikh Ibrahim Qandozi, came to his orchard. Young Moinuddin approached him and offered him some fruits. In return, Sheikh Ibrahim Qandozi gave him a piece of bread and asked him to eat it. The Khwaja got enlightened and found himself in a strange world after eating the bread. After this he disposed of his property and other belongings and distributed the money to the poor. He renounced the world and left for Bukhara in search of knowledge and higher education.[1]
[edit] Why is he called Garib Nawaz?
The reason is : on his childhood Moinudeen went out wearing the new cloth to the Masjid with his Father to participate the Idul-Fithr ( a day for celebration soon after the Ramzan fasting ends). On the way he saw a boy weeping, he approached him & asked why he was weeping? Boy replied him " Today is Idul-Fithr, every muslim wearing new dress for namaz, on account of my disability to purchase a new dress I am very distressed & weeping. On hearing this, Moinudeen took off his new cloth and presented it to the poor boy. He wore the old one. By this account he was named Garib Nawaz (meaning : helper of the poor) As a will of Allah when Khwaja Gharib Nawaz(R.A) was at a small age of 14. his father left for heavenly abode and he became an orphan. He inherited a garden and a mill from his father. After few months of his father death his mother also left this transitory world.
Since his early age, Khwaja Sahib (R.A) was fond of the company of dervesh and fakirs and had a great respect for them.
One day, as to routine when he was watering the plants , a Majzoob arrived there. The Majzoob was SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A). When Khwaja Sahib saw the old man, He left his work and stepped forward and welcomed him. He kissed the hand of the old man, took him to tree and requested him to sit under its shadow. At that time Khwaja Sahib (R.A) had nothing to offer him. It was the grape season and the bunch of grapes were there on the trees. He plucked a bunch of sweat and juicy grapes, offered him and then sat in front of him respectfully. The God- Loving Majzoob liked his gesture and enjoyed few pieces of grapes with pleasure. The enlightened Majzoob immediately recognized that the promising child is in search of truth. So he took out a piece of oil cake, crushed it under his teeth and put into the mouth of Khwaja Sahib(S.A). As he had a great respect and love for dervesh and fakirs , he swallowed it . And Lo ! all of a sudden, the entire world lost its importance and there was no barrier between him and God. With swallowing of piece of oil cake, he was in spiritual world. When regained his consciousness , he found himself alone. SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A) had taken his way.
Though SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A) left Khwaja Sahib alone, but it was unforgettable to him what he witnessed in the spiritual world. He had a great desire to witness the same repeatedly. He tried his level best to have patience and restraint over himself but was unsuccessful . He could not control himself. He was now under great influence of love and passion and when his love for truth crossed its limits, the entire world became immaterial to him. Thus he sold his belongings, distributed the cash and his possessions among the poor and needy and set off in search of truth with a meager maintenance.
After having glimpse of divine light through SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A), Hazrat Khwaja (RA) was very restless and his thirst for acquisition of knowledge further fanned the fire of love and passion so he left the land of Samarkand and separating the name of Allah set off towards west in search of his MURSHID-E-KAMIL At last he reached a town named Haroon which was away from Neshapur. [2] --Nizam Sahib (talk) 09:45, 24 October 2008 (UTC)
[edit] Journeys
Part of a series onIslam
Beliefs
Allah · Oneness of GodMuhammad · Other prophets
Practices
Profession of faith · PrayerFasting · Charity · Pilgrimage
Texts and laws
Qur'an · Sunnah · HadithFiqh · Sharia · Kalam · Sufism
History and leadership
Timeline of Muslim historyAhl al-Bayt · SahabaSunni · Shi'aRashidun caliphs · Shi'a imams
Culture and society
Academics · Animals · ArtCalendar · ChildrenDemographics · FestivalsMosques · PhilosophyScience · WomenPolitics · Dawah
Islam and other religions
Christianity · JudaismHinduism · Sikhism · Jainism
See also
Criticism · IslamophobiaGlossary of Islamic terms
Islam portal v • d • e
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty visited the seminaries of Samarkand and Bukhara and acquired religious learning at the feet of eminent scholars of his age. He visited nearly all the great centers of Muslim culture, and acquainted himself with almost every important trend in Muslim religious life in the Middle Ages.He became the disciple of the Chishty Khwaja Usman Harwani. They travelled the Middle East extensively together, including visits to Mecca and Medina.
[edit] Return to India
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty turned towards India, reputedly after a dream in which Holy Prophet Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him blessed him to do so, and after a brief stay at Lahore he reached Ajmer where he settled down. There he attracted a substantial following, acquiring a great deal of respect amongst the residents of the city. Today, hundreds of thousands of people, Muslims, Hindus, Christians and others, from the Indian sub-continent, and from other parts of the world assemble to his tomb on the occasion of his urs (Death anniversary).
[edit] Founding of Chishtya order in India
He apparently never wrote down his teachings in the form of a book, nor did his immediate disciples . But he laid the foundations of the Chishtya order in Ajmer, India, where common people came in large numbers. His firm faith in Wahdat al-wujud (Unity of Being) provided the necessary ideological support to his holy mission to bring about emotional integration of the people amongst whom he lived.
The central principles that became characteristics of the Chistiyya order are based on his teachings and practices. They lay stress on renunciation of material goods; strict regime of self-discipline and personal prayer; participation in Sama as a legitimate means to spiritual transformation; reliance on either cultivation or unsolicited offerings as means of basic subsistence; independence from rulers and the state, including rejection of monetary and land grants; generosity to others, particularly, through sharing of food and wealth, and tolerance and respect for religious differences.
He, in other words, interpreted religion in terms of human service and exhorted his disciples “to develop river-like generosity, sun-like affection and earth-like hospitality.” The highest form of devotion, according to him, was “to redress the misery of those in distress – to fulfill the needs of the helpless and to feed the hungry.”
It was during the reign of Emperor Akbar (1556 – 1605) that Ajmer emerged as one of the most important centers of pilgrimage in India. The Mughal Emperor undertook an unceremonial journey on foot to accomplish his wish to reach Ajmer. The Akbarnama records that the emperor’s interest first sparked when he heard some minstrels singing songs about the virtues of the Awlia (Friend of God) who lay asleep in Ajmer.
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty authored several books including ‘Anis al-Arwah’ and ‘Daleel al-Arefeen’ both of them dealing with Islamic code of living.
Khwaja Qutbuddin Baktiyar Kaki (d. 1235) and Hamiduddin Nagori (d. 1276) were Khawaja Moinuddin Chishty’s celebrated Khalifa or disciples who continued transmitting the teachings of their master through their disciples, leading to the widespread proliferation of the Chistiyya order in India.
Among Khwaja Qutbuddin Baktiyar’s prominent disciples was Fariduddin Ganj-i-Shakar (d. 1265), whose dargah is at Pakpattan (Pakistan). And Fariduddin’s most famous disciple was Nizamuddin Awliya (d. 1325) popularly referred to as Mahboob-i-Ilahi (God’s beloved) whose dargah is located in South Delhi.
From Delhi, the disciples branched out to establish dargahs in several regions of South Asia, from Sindh in the west to Bengal in the east, and the Deccan in the south. But from all the network of Chishty dargahs Ajmer dargah took on the special distinction of being the ‘mother’ dargah of them all.
A recent Bollywood movie "Jodhaa Akbar", directed by Ashutosh Gowariker, a song in praise of "Khwaja Moinudeen chisti" (Khwaja Mere Khwaja) was shot.It depicts the emperor Akbar being in awe of the song of the minstrels. The song has been composed by A.R. Rahman.
[edit] Blast at Dargah
A bomb went off inside the complex on Thursday 11 October 2007 evening killing three people and injuring 17 others. No suspects have been arrested.[2]
[edit] References
visit to www.chishtyajmersharif.com for more details dargah sharif ajmer india
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the founder of Sufism in India. For the preceptor of the Mughal Emperor, Aurangzeb, see Moinuddin Chishty (Khuldabad).
Moinuddin Chishty dargah, Ajmer, India
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty (Persian/Urdu: خواجہ معین الدین چشتی ) was born in 1141 and died in 1230 CE, also known as Gharib Nawaz (Urdu: غریب نواز), is the most famous Sufi saint of the Chishti Order of South Asia. He was born in 536 A.H./1141 CE, in Sajistan, Khorasan (other accounts say Isfahan) in Persia. He is also known as "Sultan-e-Hind". He claimed his progeny to Muhammad through the sixth Imam, Jaʿfar ibn Muhammad as-Sadiq (AS).
He was one of the most outstanding figures in the annals of Islamic mysticism and founder of the Chistiyya order in India.
Contents[hide]
1 Early life
2 Why is he called Garib Nawaz?
3 Journeys
4 Return to India
5 Founding of Chishtya order in India
6 Blast at Dargah
7 References
8 See also
//
[edit] Early life
Moinuddin's parents died when he was only 15 years old and he used to look after the orchard and windmill that he inherited from his father. During his childhood, young Moinuddin was different from others and kept himself busy in prayers and meditation. Legend has it that once when he was watering his plants, a revered monk, Sheikh Ibrahim Qandozi, came to his orchard. Young Moinuddin approached him and offered him some fruits. In return, Sheikh Ibrahim Qandozi gave him a piece of bread and asked him to eat it. The Khwaja got enlightened and found himself in a strange world after eating the bread. After this he disposed of his property and other belongings and distributed the money to the poor. He renounced the world and left for Bukhara in search of knowledge and higher education.[1]
[edit] Why is he called Garib Nawaz?
The reason is : on his childhood Moinudeen went out wearing the new cloth to the Masjid with his Father to participate the Idul-Fithr ( a day for celebration soon after the Ramzan fasting ends). On the way he saw a boy weeping, he approached him & asked why he was weeping? Boy replied him " Today is Idul-Fithr, every muslim wearing new dress for namaz, on account of my disability to purchase a new dress I am very distressed & weeping. On hearing this, Moinudeen took off his new cloth and presented it to the poor boy. He wore the old one. By this account he was named Garib Nawaz (meaning : helper of the poor) As a will of Allah when Khwaja Gharib Nawaz(R.A) was at a small age of 14. his father left for heavenly abode and he became an orphan. He inherited a garden and a mill from his father. After few months of his father death his mother also left this transitory world.
Since his early age, Khwaja Sahib (R.A) was fond of the company of dervesh and fakirs and had a great respect for them.
One day, as to routine when he was watering the plants , a Majzoob arrived there. The Majzoob was SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A). When Khwaja Sahib saw the old man, He left his work and stepped forward and welcomed him. He kissed the hand of the old man, took him to tree and requested him to sit under its shadow. At that time Khwaja Sahib (R.A) had nothing to offer him. It was the grape season and the bunch of grapes were there on the trees. He plucked a bunch of sweat and juicy grapes, offered him and then sat in front of him respectfully. The God- Loving Majzoob liked his gesture and enjoyed few pieces of grapes with pleasure. The enlightened Majzoob immediately recognized that the promising child is in search of truth. So he took out a piece of oil cake, crushed it under his teeth and put into the mouth of Khwaja Sahib(S.A). As he had a great respect and love for dervesh and fakirs , he swallowed it . And Lo ! all of a sudden, the entire world lost its importance and there was no barrier between him and God. With swallowing of piece of oil cake, he was in spiritual world. When regained his consciousness , he found himself alone. SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A) had taken his way.
Though SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A) left Khwaja Sahib alone, but it was unforgettable to him what he witnessed in the spiritual world. He had a great desire to witness the same repeatedly. He tried his level best to have patience and restraint over himself but was unsuccessful . He could not control himself. He was now under great influence of love and passion and when his love for truth crossed its limits, the entire world became immaterial to him. Thus he sold his belongings, distributed the cash and his possessions among the poor and needy and set off in search of truth with a meager maintenance.
After having glimpse of divine light through SHEIKH IBRAHIM QUNDOZI (R.A), Hazrat Khwaja (RA) was very restless and his thirst for acquisition of knowledge further fanned the fire of love and passion so he left the land of Samarkand and separating the name of Allah set off towards west in search of his MURSHID-E-KAMIL At last he reached a town named Haroon which was away from Neshapur. [2] --Nizam Sahib (talk) 09:45, 24 October 2008 (UTC)
[edit] Journeys
Part of a series onIslam
Beliefs
Allah · Oneness of GodMuhammad · Other prophets
Practices
Profession of faith · PrayerFasting · Charity · Pilgrimage
Texts and laws
Qur'an · Sunnah · HadithFiqh · Sharia · Kalam · Sufism
History and leadership
Timeline of Muslim historyAhl al-Bayt · SahabaSunni · Shi'aRashidun caliphs · Shi'a imams
Culture and society
Academics · Animals · ArtCalendar · ChildrenDemographics · FestivalsMosques · PhilosophyScience · WomenPolitics · Dawah
Islam and other religions
Christianity · JudaismHinduism · Sikhism · Jainism
See also
Criticism · IslamophobiaGlossary of Islamic terms
Islam portal v • d • e
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty visited the seminaries of Samarkand and Bukhara and acquired religious learning at the feet of eminent scholars of his age. He visited nearly all the great centers of Muslim culture, and acquainted himself with almost every important trend in Muslim religious life in the Middle Ages.He became the disciple of the Chishty Khwaja Usman Harwani. They travelled the Middle East extensively together, including visits to Mecca and Medina.
[edit] Return to India
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty turned towards India, reputedly after a dream in which Holy Prophet Muhammad Peace Be Upon Him blessed him to do so, and after a brief stay at Lahore he reached Ajmer where he settled down. There he attracted a substantial following, acquiring a great deal of respect amongst the residents of the city. Today, hundreds of thousands of people, Muslims, Hindus, Christians and others, from the Indian sub-continent, and from other parts of the world assemble to his tomb on the occasion of his urs (Death anniversary).
[edit] Founding of Chishtya order in India
He apparently never wrote down his teachings in the form of a book, nor did his immediate disciples . But he laid the foundations of the Chishtya order in Ajmer, India, where common people came in large numbers. His firm faith in Wahdat al-wujud (Unity of Being) provided the necessary ideological support to his holy mission to bring about emotional integration of the people amongst whom he lived.
The central principles that became characteristics of the Chistiyya order are based on his teachings and practices. They lay stress on renunciation of material goods; strict regime of self-discipline and personal prayer; participation in Sama as a legitimate means to spiritual transformation; reliance on either cultivation or unsolicited offerings as means of basic subsistence; independence from rulers and the state, including rejection of monetary and land grants; generosity to others, particularly, through sharing of food and wealth, and tolerance and respect for religious differences.
He, in other words, interpreted religion in terms of human service and exhorted his disciples “to develop river-like generosity, sun-like affection and earth-like hospitality.” The highest form of devotion, according to him, was “to redress the misery of those in distress – to fulfill the needs of the helpless and to feed the hungry.”
It was during the reign of Emperor Akbar (1556 – 1605) that Ajmer emerged as one of the most important centers of pilgrimage in India. The Mughal Emperor undertook an unceremonial journey on foot to accomplish his wish to reach Ajmer. The Akbarnama records that the emperor’s interest first sparked when he heard some minstrels singing songs about the virtues of the Awlia (Friend of God) who lay asleep in Ajmer.
Khwaja Moinuddin Chishty authored several books including ‘Anis al-Arwah’ and ‘Daleel al-Arefeen’ both of them dealing with Islamic code of living.
Khwaja Qutbuddin Baktiyar Kaki (d. 1235) and Hamiduddin Nagori (d. 1276) were Khawaja Moinuddin Chishty’s celebrated Khalifa or disciples who continued transmitting the teachings of their master through their disciples, leading to the widespread proliferation of the Chistiyya order in India.
Among Khwaja Qutbuddin Baktiyar’s prominent disciples was Fariduddin Ganj-i-Shakar (d. 1265), whose dargah is at Pakpattan (Pakistan). And Fariduddin’s most famous disciple was Nizamuddin Awliya (d. 1325) popularly referred to as Mahboob-i-Ilahi (God’s beloved) whose dargah is located in South Delhi.
From Delhi, the disciples branched out to establish dargahs in several regions of South Asia, from Sindh in the west to Bengal in the east, and the Deccan in the south. But from all the network of Chishty dargahs Ajmer dargah took on the special distinction of being the ‘mother’ dargah of them all.
A recent Bollywood movie "Jodhaa Akbar", directed by Ashutosh Gowariker, a song in praise of "Khwaja Moinudeen chisti" (Khwaja Mere Khwaja) was shot.It depicts the emperor Akbar being in awe of the song of the minstrels. The song has been composed by A.R. Rahman.
[edit] Blast at Dargah
A bomb went off inside the complex on Thursday 11 October 2007 evening killing three people and injuring 17 others. No suspects have been arrested.[2]
[edit] References
visit to www.chishtyajmersharif.com for more details dargah sharif ajmer india
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